Ohm's law and Overheating LEDs - General Electronics

13 May.,2024

 

Ohm's law and Overheating LEDs - General Electronics

I have a bunch of your standard 2-pin led lighting strips that I have connected to my camper's 12v power source (shore power converted to DC via camper's power center).

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The problem is they run really, really hot. I have these setup in two applications and the same problem seems to exist.

In my first application I pulled out all the hardware for my fluorescent bulbs and put in LED strip inside the lighting cover and connected it directly to the campers 12 volts. my strips always seem to go out at my wire connectors. And I think it has something to do with heat damaging the connection points because there seems to be brown burnt-like residue in the vicinity.

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I'm my second application, I have an Arduino controlling 15amp mosfets through which I relay the camper's 12 volts to the LED strip. My mosfets are ridiculously hot and my camper's power center will often kick the cooling fan whenever I have these lights on. Admittedly, this was done a through a breadboard while prototyping, but if it was just heat dissipation through the low amp capacity breadboard, would the power center of the RV still be working so hard it needed to cool itself? I connected my little multimeter between the LED strip and the power source and it closed the circuit to turn the lights on, but gave me an open-loop message on the readout...

If the 12-volt supply voltage is fixed, and there are resistors built into the LED strips, then doesn't that just leave amps to be determined by the rest of ohm's law? I'm not sure why so much heat is being built up in the LED strips in either of these contexts...

I guess my question is, what am I missing? Is there a relationship between resistance and heat dissipation? When I add a potentiometer to the circuit, why does it burn-out instead of just limiting the amount of current that passes through (I thought this would prevent heat build-up).

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